EU lists Alphabet, Amazon, Meta and three other tech giants as 'gatekeepers' under strict competition rules

cnbc.com:

The European Commission on Wednesday said it designated six tech giants as «gatekeepers» under its new Digital Markets Act — a strict set of rules that could shake up the business models of large digital platforms.

Amazon, Alphabet, Apple, Microsoft, Meta and ByteDance will have six months to bring their core platform services into compliance with the obligations laid out in the EU's DMA, the Commission said.

The Commission said that it deems Amazon, Apple, Alphabet, Meta, Microsoft and China's ByteDance as «gatekeepers.» The term refers to massive internet platforms which the EU views are restricting access to core platform services, such as online search, advertising, and messaging and communications.

The bloc also opened five new market investigations into U.S. tech giants Microsoft and Apple, evaluating whether some of the companies' services should or should not qualify as gatekeepers.

As part of these probes, the EU will study submissions from Microsoft and Apple. The EU believes that Microsoft's Bing, Edge and Microsoft Advertising platforms and Apple's iMessage service meet the bar to be considered gatekeepers. Microsoft and Apple argue otherwise.

The EU will also investigate whether Apple's iPadOS, the operating system behind the Cupertino tech giant's line of iPad tablets, should be pronounced as a gatekeeper, even though the European Commission says it does not meet the criteria.

The Digital Markets Act is a ground-breaking new EU law that aims to clamp down on anticompetitive practices from big tech players. Smaller internet firms and other businesses have complained of being hurt by these companies' business practices.

For instance, the mobile operating systems of Google and Apple — which are the primary