Munshi Premchand, a towering figure in Indian literature. Known for his Hindustani literature, Premchand's work vividly portrays colonial India through a realistic lens. His contributions to Hindi and Urdu fiction have left an indelible mark on the literary world.
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Munshi Premchand was born on July 31, 1880, in Lamhi, a village in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, to Ajaib Lal, a post office clerk, and Anandi Devi. Initially using the name Nawab Rai, he adopted Premchand after facing criticism from the British government for his short story collection, Soz-e-Vatan in 1909. Premchand's prolific career spanned novels, short stories, essays, and translations, earning him the title «Upanyas Samrat,» or «Emperor among Novelists.»
He began his schooling at a Madrasah in Lalpur, Varanasi, where he learned Urdu and Persian. From a young age, he found comfort in reading and developed a deep interest in literature. Premchand later studied English at a missionary school and read various works of fiction, including George W. M. Reynolds's The Mysteries of the Court of London. In the mid-1890s, he attended Queen's College in Varanasi as a day scholar. He married at the age of 15 in 1895, while still in class IX.
1. Sevasadan (1918)
Originally written in Urdu as Bazaar-e-Husn,