Ambedkar Jayanti 2024: Why is Article 32 considered the 'heart and soul' of the Indian Constitution
Ambedkar Jayanti 2024: April 14 marks the birth anniversary of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, affectionately known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, revered by his followers as a champion of justice and equality. Each year, this occasion is commemorated not only by government officials and politicians but also by countless admirers both within India and around the world. Dr. Ambedkar's legacy is deeply intertwined with the Constitution of India, which he played a pivotal role in drafting to secure the rights of marginalised communities, particularly Dalits.
Among the many provisions of the Constitution, Dr. Ambedkar held one article in particular as paramount — Article 32. In the constituent assembly debates, he described it as the «heart and soul» of the Constitution, without which it would be rendered meaningless. Article 32 ensures the enforcement of Fundamental Rights enshrined in Part III of the Constitution, including the right to equality, life, and freedom from discrimination.
This article empowers citizens to directly approach the Supreme Court if their Fundamental Rights are violated or not being upheld. It serves as a safeguard against legislative encroachment on these rights, ensuring that they are not suspended except as provided by the Constitution itself. Article 32 is not only integral to the basic structure of the Constitution but is also considered a Fundamental Right in itself.
The Supreme Court, acting as the guardian of citizens' Fundamental Rights, has utilised its powers under Article 32 to adjudicate various
