India remains an outlier among nations that encourage this stratagem. True, India has strategic compulsions in its neighbourhood, which make dual citizenship difficult for now. But it addresses the economic imperative by allowing permanent residency to the diaspora. Since this facility was introduced, India has plugged deeper into the global economy, and its workforce-and, indeed, culture and values-have become more mobile.
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While the number of people surrendering Indian citizenship has climbed steeply due to the demographic inversion in many countries, the spread of India's soft power as a result of this migration has also grown. But permanent residency may progressively weaken the diaspora's link to their country of origin and not be able to serve India's interests when it starts to depopulate in a few decades. Which is why plans to loosen this binary of 'Indian citizen or...' should be hatched from today.
Affluent Indians are increasingly moving overseas for education and better standards of living. This is in addition to rising migration among job seekers. Destination countries have made immigration easier through naturalisation and investment. These trends will strengthen as the demographic transition progresses and India improves its standard of living. Given the size of its population, per capita income is likely to remain sedate despite world-beating economic growth. Globalisation will, however, improve prospects of multiple citizenship. And India should get ready to join this 'multinationalism' bandwagon as it progresses. A liberal democracy set on a path to be a developed economy shouldn't only allow its citizens