Sunita Williams grew plants, fixed ISS systems—What the NASA astronaut did during her 10-month wait in Space

Sunita Williams and fellow astronaut Barry Wilmore launched aboard Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft on 5 June 2024, reaching the ISS a day later. However, the mission encountered severe setbacks when the spacecraft suffered thruster malfunctions, helium leaks, and other technical failures. NASA ultimately deemed it unsafe for their return journey, forcing the astronauts to stay aboard the ISS while alternative plans were made.

Williams, now 59, has spent over 600 days in space across three missions, making her one of the most seasoned astronauts in NASA’s history. With 62 hours and nine minutes of spacewalking experience, she holds the record for the longest EVA (extravehicular activity) time by a female astronaut.

A Commander in Space

As her stay in space extended from weeks to months, NASA promoted Williams to ISS Commander, a position of immense responsibility. She became responsible for the station’s safety, operations, and crew well-being. Leading a research hub orbiting 400 kilometres above Earth is no small feat—the ISS remains one of the most ambitious engineering projects ever undertaken, continuously inhabited for 25 years.

Williams, along with Wilmore and astronaut Nick Hague, contributed to more than 900 hours of scientific research. They worked on over 150 experiments, ranging from biological studies to technological advancements. NASA highlighted her role in these efforts, stating: “Williams has been instrumental in advancing scientific discovery during her extended tenure.”

Life and Work in Zero