What is gut microbiota and how it helps our immune system

economictimes.indiatimes.com:

gut microbiota. These microscopic organisms residing in our digestive tract play a pivotal role in bolstering our immune system and maintaining overall health. Gut microbiota, often referred to as gut flora, is a diverse community of trillions of bacteria.

These tiny inhabitants coexist in a delicate balance, contributing to vital functions such as digestion, nutrient absorption, and metabolism. One of the most significant revelations in the field of health and immunology is the profound impact that gut microbiota has on our immune system. Research has highlighted that a harmonious gut microbiota composition can effectively enhance immune responses, while an imbalance (dysbiosis) might lead to immune-related disorders.

Here's how gut microbiota supports our immune system:Training the Immune System: During infancy and early childhood, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in training and developing the immune system.Maintaining Gut Barrier Integrity: A healthy gut lining forms a barrier that prevents harmful substances from entering the bloodstream. Gut microbiota aids in maintaining this barrier's integrity by stimulating the production of mucus and strengthening the tight junctions between cells. This barrier function is vital in preventing infections and autoimmune reactions.Producing Immune-Modulating Compounds: Certain gut microbes produce short-chain fatty acids and other metabolites that play a role in regulating immune responses.