Birthright citizenship is most prevalent in the Americas. In North America, the U.S., Canada, and Mexico allow unrestricted citizenship for anyone born within their borders. Central American nations such as Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras also follow this policy. The Caribbean includes 10 countries with similar laws, such as Jamaica, Barbados, and Trinidad and Tobago. In South America, Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela are among 10 countries offering unrestricted birthright citizenship. Globally, a few nations outside the Americas, such as Fiji and Tanzania, also allow this policy.
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In Europe, many NATO members have restricted policies, requiring at least one parent to be a citizen or native-born. Examples include Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. Some countries, such as Poland and Norway, lack birthright citizenship policies altogether. In Asia and the Indo-Pacific region, restricted policies are common, with countries like India, Australia, and Japan requiring parental ties. Notably, major global powers like China and Russia have no birthright citizenship provisions.
The U.S. introduced birthright citizenship in 1868 through the 14th Amendment, aimed at securing citizenship for former slaves. Trump’s push to end this policy would require significant legal and constitutional changes, stirring debates about its impact on the U.S. and