Just hours before his departure, Assad addressed senior military and security officials, assuring them that Russian military support was imminent. According to a commander present at the briefing, he urged the ground forces to hold their positions. However, this claim turned out to be false, as Russia had no plans to intervene further.
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Assad told his presidential staff he was heading home after work but instead made his way to the airport. Even his trusted media adviser, Buthaina Shaaban, was left unaware. She arrived at his home to write a speech, only to find the residence empty. Assad’s younger brother, Maher al-Assad, and other close family members were also not informed. Maher eventually fled separately by helicopter to Iraq and then to Russia.
Despite declining to provide military aid, Moscow facilitated Assad's safe exit. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov negotiated with regional players, including Qatar and Turkey, to ensure Assad’s flight was not intercepted. The journey began from Latakia’s Hmeimim airbase before continuing to Moscow, where Assad’s family was already waiting.
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