Tremors on Mars may hold the key to decoding a 50-year mystery of its surface
Martian dichotomy, was first identified in the 1970s when NASA’s Viking orbiter captured images of Mars' surface.
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For decades, scientists have debated whether this divide was caused by external factors such as massive asteroid impacts or internal geological processes. The recent study offers a fresh perspective on this enduring puzzle.
Internal Heat Drives the Dichotomy
The research, led by scientists and published in Geophysical Research Letters, points to internal heat transfer as the likely cause of the Martian dichotomy. By analysing marsquake data gathered by NASA's InSight lander, the team gained insights into the planet's internal dynamics.
“At one point, Mars had moving tectonic plates like Earth does,” the study states. These shifting plates, combined with molten rock beneath them, likely created the hemispheric divide. Over time, the tectonic activity ceased, forming what scientists describe as a “stagnant lid” over the molten interior.
This finding challenges previous theories that attributed the dichotomy to cosmic collisions and underscores the role of mantle convection—a process where heat from the planet’s interior causes movement within the mantle—in shaping Mars’ surface.
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